Ophthalmology and Vision Science

Refractive Innovations – LASIK & Beyond

Refractive innovations encompass an evolving range of technologies designed to provide sharper, more stable vision outcomes for individuals with myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, and presbyopia. Modern LASIK platforms feature wavefront-guided, topography-guided, and ray-tracing–based treatments that account for individual ocular uniqueness. SMILE procedures offer minimally invasive correction with rapid recovery and improved biomechanical preservation. Research in corneal biomechanics is enhancing screening accuracy, helping surgeons identify risk factors for ectasia and personalize treatment planning. Phakic IOLs with advanced optics and customizable toric options provide alternatives for patients unsuitable for corneal procedures. Presbyopic solutions such as corneal inlays, laser blended vision, and next-generation multifocal lens implants are expanding opportunities for clear vision across multiple focal distances. Artificial intelligence supports more predictable outcomes through refined nomograms and postoperative data analytics. These integrated advancements reflect a shift toward precision refractive care with improved safety, durability, and long-term patient satisfaction.